目前我国企业全面预算管理做法必须改造 预算组织的乏力：董事会应该加强对预算管理统一组织领导，才能保证预算管理的严肃性和统一性，并提高预算工作效率。 预算制度的失灵：与预算管理相关的管理制度没有体系化，孤立存在；目标利润的下达、业绩考评等均没有与子公司预算管理对接。 预算指标的缺陷：①预算内容没有细化...
什么是财务管理 Finance : Financial Management: 财务管理是研究企业资金的筹集、计划、使用和分配等经济活动，以及其中的财务关系的学说。 财务管理的研究对象 企业如何在外部市场筹集资金 对金融市场、金融机构和金融工具的描述和讨论 企业财务状况的系统分析 对企业的破产、清偿和并购的讨论和研究 企业内部资产的管...
1?预计净残值率 折旧年限 月折旧率＝年折旧率÷ 12 月折旧日额＝固定资产?值×月折旧率 所谓工作量法即是按照固定资产预计完成工作量平均折旧?其公式为： （）按照行驶里程计算折旧的公式： 1 ?值×（ 1?预计净残值率） 单位里程折旧额＝ 总行驶里程 （）按照工作小时计算折旧的公式： 2 ?值×（ 1?预计净残值率） 每工...
A Lecture Presentation in PowerPoint to Accompany Principles of Economics Second Edition by N. Gregory Mankiw Ten Principles of Economics Chapter 1 Economy. . . . . . The word economy comes from a Greek word for “one who manages a household.” A household and an economy face many decisions: W...
元妙网提示：本资料内含如下文件:chap02.ppt,chap01.ppt,chap03.pptThinking Like an Economist Chapter 2 Every field of study has its own terminology Every field of study has its own terminology Economics trains you to. . . . Think in terms of alternatives. Evaluate the cost of individual and social ...
Interdependence and the Gains from Trade Chapter 3 Interdependence and Trade Consider your typical day: You wake up to an alarm clock made in Korea. You pour yourself some orange juice made from oranges grown in Florida. You put on some clothes made of cotton grown in Georgia and sewn in factor...
Externalities Chapter 10 Market Efficiency - Market Failures Recall that: Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” of the marketplace leads self-interested buyers and sellers in a market to maximize the total benefit that society can derive from a market. Market Failures: Externalities When a market out...
Public Goods and Common Resources Chapter 11 “ The best things in life are free. . .” Free goods provide a special challenge for economic analysis Most goods in our economy are allocated in markets… “ The best things in life are free. . .” When goods are available free of charge, the market...
The Costs of Production Chapter 13 The Costs of Production The Law of Supply: Firms are willing to produce and sell a greater quantity of a good when the price of the good is high. This results in a supply curve that slopes upward. The Firm’s Objective The economic goal of the firm is to maximi...
元妙网提示：本资料内含如下文件:chap14.ppt,chap10.ppt,chap11.ppt,chap13.pptFirms in Competitive Markets Chapter 14 The Meaning of Competition A perfectly competitive market has the following characteristics: There are many buyers and sellers in the market. The goods offered by the various sellers...
元妙网提示：本资料内含如下文件:chap15.ppt,chap16.ppt,chap17.ppt,chap18.pptMonopoly Chapter 15 Monopoly While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker. Monopoly A firm is considered a monopoly if . . . it is the sole seller of its product. its product does not have cl...
Oligopoly Chapter 16 Imperfect Competition Imperfect competition refers to those market structures that fall between perfect competition and pure monopoly. Imperfect Competition Imperfect competition includes industries in which firms have competitors but do not face so much competition that the...
Monopolistic Competition Chapter 17 The Four Types of Market Structure Types of Imperfectly Competitive Markets Monopolistic Competition Many firms selling products that are similar but not identical. Oligopoly Only a few sellers, each offering a similar or identical product to the others. Monop...
The Economics of Labor Markets Chapter 18 Factors of Production Factors of production are the inputs used to produce goods and services. The Market for the Factors of Production The demand for a factor of production is a derived demand. A firm’s demand for a factor of production is derived from...
The Market Forces of Supply and Demand Chapter 4 The Market Forces of Supply and Demand Supply and demand are the two words that economists use most often. Supply and demand are the forces that make market economies work. Modern microeconomics is about supply, demand, and market equilibrium. Ma...
元妙网提示：本资料内含如下文件:chap05.ppt,chap04.ppt,chap06.pptElasticity and Its Application Chapter 5 Elasticity . . . … is a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions … allows us to analyze supply and demand with greater precision. Price Elasticity of ...
Supply, Demand and Government Policies Chapter 6 Supply, Demand, and Government Policies In a free, unregulated market system, market forces establish equilibrium prices and exchange quantities. While equilibrium conditions may be efficient, it may be true that not everyone is satisfied. One of ...
Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of Markets Chapter 7 Revisiting the Market Equilibrium Do the equilibrium price and quantity maximize the total welfare of buyers and sellers? Market equilibrium reflects the way markets allocate scarce resources. Whether the market allocation is desirabl...
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